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Metadata: 2021 NatureScot predictive seaduck model within Special Protected Areas Moray Firth and Outer Firth of Forth and St Andrews Bay Complex
Abstract:
In December 2020, a recent focus on the marine environment (Marine special protection areas selection process) included the classification of 12 marine special protection areas (SPAs) in Scotland for the protection of seabirds, divers, grebes and seaduck. Seven of these sites include one or more species of inshore wintering waterfowl (divers, grebes, seaduck) as qualifying features. Marine Protected Areas, including SPAs, contribute towards achieving Favourable Conservation Status of vulnerable species and habitats across the Atlantic Biogeographic Region. Seaducks feed upon a range of prey, some of which have specific benthic habitat requirements and/or form biogenic habitat features. In order to meet specific Conservation Objectives, site management requires an understanding of the distribution and extent of relevant prey and associated supporting habitats within individual SPAs. NatureScot commissioned this project to test and evaluate the use of predictive modelling and mapping approaches to identify prey-supporting habitats for wintering seaducks within the Moray Firth and the Outer Firth of Forth and St Andrews Bay Complex (OFFSABC) marine SPAs. The project resources include: Project report, supplementary technical report, two html maps for SPA species sample coverage and SPA biotope sample coverage, and a CSV file showing associations between species and biotopes. Predictive model outputs have been produced by mapping the known and predicted distributions and extents of bivalve and gastropod prey, and associated supporting seabed habitats for wintering seaducks within the two marine SPA's.
Data holder:
NatureScot (HQ Inverness)
Click on the red button for resource contact details:
- Click on the red button for resource contact details
Use constraints:
Accessible via NatureScot
| Other details | ||
| Internal code | Internally assigned metadata identifier | 1239 |
| Title | The title is used to provide a brief and precise description of the dataset such as 'Date', 'Originating organisation/programme', 'Location' and 'Type of survey'. All acronyms and abbreviations should be reproduced in full. | 2021 NatureScot predictive seaduck model within Special Protected Areas Moray Firth and Outer Firth of Forth and St Andrews Bay Complex |
| File Identifier | The File Identifier is a code, preferably a GUID, that is globally unique and remains with the same metadata record even if the record is edited or transferred between portals or tools. | 50aa1f9901937de4899dfac3cf34d53e |
| Resource Identifier | This is the code assigned by the data owner. | NS-000400 |
| Resource type | The resource type will likely be a dataset but could also be a series (collection of datasets with a common specification) or a service. | dataset |
| Start date | This describes the date the resource starts. This may only be the year if month and day are not known | 1900-01-01 |
| End date | This describes the date the resource ends. This may only be the year if month and day are not known | 2019-09-06 |
| Spatial resolution | This describes the spatial resolution of the dataset or the spatial limitations of the service. | inapplicable |
| Frequency of updates | This describes the frequency with which the resource is modified or updated i.e. a monitoring programme that samples once per year has a frequency that is described as 'annually'. | asNeeded |
| Abstract | The abstract provides a clear and brief statement of the content of the resource. | In December 2020, a recent focus on the marine environment (Marine special protection areas selection process) included the classification of 12 marine special protection areas (SPAs) in Scotland for the protection of seabirds, divers, grebes and seaduck. Seven of these sites include one or more species of inshore wintering waterfowl (divers, grebes, seaduck) as qualifying features. Marine Protected Areas, including SPAs, contribute towards achieving Favourable Conservation Status of vulnerable species and habitats across the Atlantic Biogeographic Region. Seaducks feed upon a range of prey, some of which have specific benthic habitat requirements and/or form biogenic habitat features. In order to meet specific Conservation Objectives, site management requires an understanding of the distribution and extent of relevant prey and associated supporting habitats within individual SPAs. NatureScot commissioned this project to test and evaluate the use of predictive modelling and mapping approaches to identify prey-supporting habitats for wintering seaducks within the Moray Firth and the Outer Firth of Forth and St Andrews Bay Complex (OFFSABC) marine SPAs. The project resources include: Project report, supplementary technical report, two html maps for SPA species sample coverage and SPA biotope sample coverage, and a CSV file showing associations between species and biotopes. Predictive model outputs have been produced by mapping the known and predicted distributions and extents of bivalve and gastropod prey, and associated supporting seabed habitats for wintering seaducks within the two marine SPA's. |
| Lineage | Lineage includes the background information, history of the sources of data, data quality statements and methods. | This specific study was the second phase following two previous studies commissioned by NatureScot (phase 1). An unpublished literature review of the marine diets and foraging behaviours of the wintering waterfowl species included as qualifying features in Scottish marine SPAs was commissioned by NatureScot and completed by the British Trust for Ornithology (BTO) in March 2018 (Woodward et al unpublished). This review was followed by a scoping study, undertaken by Envision Ltd, in 2018/2019 (Sotheran et al. unpublished). The scoping study identified the principal prey taxa of these wintering waterfowl and aimed to assess the potential for mapping of these prey and associated supporting habitats/biotopes across proposed marine SPAs in Scotland. Prior to the production of predictive model outputs for principal prey species an evidence review and data collation exercise was carried out, and prior to the prey species biotope-based mapping and confidence assessment, an evidence review and estimation of prey occurrence and abundance within UK SeaMap polygons was carried out. Evidence reviews were carried out to supply information to develop and validate the predictive models in which a rapid evidence assessment was undertaken to identify published peer-reviewed literature and agency reports and to extract information that was considered to be relevant to developing and/or interpreting the modelling and biotope mapping. During the data collation exercise a wide variety of potential data sources for prey species records were available and checked by the project team. All species records were supplied to NatureScot in the output IWWpSPAsPREYSPECIESPOINTDATASET. Only a subset of the data available on Marine Recorder was used to develop the predictive models and test these outputs due to overlaps with other datasets or because of sampling bias. DASSH for example contributes records to NBN Atlas and EMODNET portals so there is overlap between those sources and with Marine Recorder where the Marine Recorder data was submitted for archive in DASSH. After initial consideration data sources with large amounts of ad hoc species records (also known as presence-only records) were rejected, as these records were clearly influenced by extreme sampling bias. In particular the vast majority of these records were from the intertidal zone and unlikely to reflect the overall ecology of the relevant prey species in question. This was a significant issue for this project as the marine SPAs cover the subtidal zone only (although there are important functional connections as the qualifying seaduck features of the SPAs will also use this zone for foraging). The data utilised from the JNCC Marine Recorder Public UK snapshot (v20200730) provides species data for surveys of various types undertaken across the British Isles. Details of methods used within each survey are not available but can be expected to vary considerably, thus representing an unknown level of error and bias within the overall data set. To reduce the potential impact of varying survey methodology, unique subsets of the data were created for each prey species by selecting only surveys that had recorded that prey species. Absence values were not specifically recorded within dataset but were inferred if a prey species was not recorded within a survey sample. Therefore outputs IWWpSPAsPREYSUPPORTINGHABITATPOLYGONDATASET and IWWpSPAsPRINCIPALPREYPOLYGONDATASET were produced via these species subsets of data. It should be noted that individual records within the output named IWWpSPAsPREYSPECIESPOINT_DATASET vary in copyright and licensing information. Within the IWW pSPAsPrincipalPreyMapping.gdb there 12 features classes that present data from IWWpSPAsPREYSUPPORTINGHABITATPOLYGONDATASET and IWWpSPAsPRINCIPALPREYPOLYGON_DATASET each, with specific purposes. To model the abundance of prey for each seaduck species within each SPA, the hierarchical two stage approach used by Oppel et al. (2012) was taken, whereby occurrence patterns are initially modelled and then abundance patterns are modelled within areas where a species is predicted as being present. Confidence measures for the modelling-based maps of prey presence (REF) represent the level of confidence that at least one of the target principal prey species is present in a given area. For more details on the methodology please see the project report Mapping prey resources of wintering seaducks within two marine Special Protection Areas in Scotland. |
| Related keywords | ||
| Keyword | General subject area(s) associated with the resource, uses multiple controlled vocabularies | Marine Environmental Data and Information Network |
| General subject area(s) associated with the resource, uses multiple controlled vocabularies | NDGO0005 | |
| Keyword title | data.gov.uk | |
| Keyword | General subject area(s) associated with the resource, uses multiple controlled vocabularies | Habitats and biotopes |
| General subject area(s) associated with the resource, uses multiple controlled vocabularies | Species distribution | |
| General subject area(s) associated with the resource, uses multiple controlled vocabularies | Habitats and biotopes | |
| General subject area(s) associated with the resource, uses multiple controlled vocabularies | Hydrography | |
| General subject area(s) associated with the resource, uses multiple controlled vocabularies | Biodiversity | |
| General subject area(s) associated with the resource, uses multiple controlled vocabularies | Biodiversity indices | |
| General subject area(s) associated with the resource, uses multiple controlled vocabularies | Bird behaviour | |
| General subject area(s) associated with the resource, uses multiple controlled vocabularies | Habitat extent | |
| General subject area(s) associated with the resource, uses multiple controlled vocabularies | Habitat characterisation | |
| General subject area(s) associated with the resource, uses multiple controlled vocabularies | MCZ | |
| General subject area(s) associated with the resource, uses multiple controlled vocabularies | Scottish MPA Search Locations | |
| General subject area(s) associated with the resource, uses multiple controlled vocabularies | environment | |
| General subject area(s) associated with the resource, uses multiple controlled vocabularies | Bivalve molluscs | |
| Geographical coverage | ||
| North #1 | The northern-most limit of the data resource in decimal degrees | 58.2086 |
| East #1 | The eastern-most limit of the data resource in decimal degrees | -2.9843 |
| South #1 | The southern-most limit of the data resource in decimal degrees | 57.5662 |
| West #1 | The western-most limit of the data resource in decimal degrees | -4.1818 |
| North #2 | The northern-most limit of the data resource in decimal degrees | 56.5259 |
| East #2 | The eastern-most limit of the data resource in decimal degrees | -1.8747 |
| South #2 | The southern-most limit of the data resource in decimal degrees | 55.835 |
| West #2 | The western-most limit of the data resource in decimal degrees | -3.4018 |
| Regional sea | Northern North Sea | |
| 43E5 | ||
| 44E5 | ||
| 41E6 | ||
| 44E6 | ||
| 45E6 | ||
| 41E7 | ||
| infralittoral | ||
| littoral | ||
| Responsible organisations | ||
| Role | The point of contact is person or organisation with responsibility for the creation and maintenance of the metadata for the resource. | pointOfContact |
| Organisation name | NatureScot (HQ Inverness) | |
| Position name | NatureScot Data Manager | |
| Delivery point | Citadel Hill | |
| Postal code | PL1 2PB | |
| City | Plymouth | |
| data_supply@nature.scot | ||
| Role | The distributor is the person or organisation that distributes the resource. | distributor |
| Organisation name | NatureScot (HQ Inverness) | |
| Position name | NatureScot Data Manager | |
| data_supply@nature.scot | ||
| Role | The originator is the person or organisation who created, collected or produced the resource. | originator |
| Organisation name | Marine Biological Association of the UK (MBA) | |
| Position name | Data Manager | |
| Delivery point | Citadel Hill | |
| Postal code | PL1 2PB | |
| City | Plymouth | |
| dassh.enquiries@mba.ac.uk | ||
| Role | The custodian is the person or organisation that accepts responsibility for the resource and ensures appropriate care and maintenance. If a dataset has been lodged with a Data Archive Centre for maintenance then this organisation is be entered here. | custodian |
| Organisation name | NatureScot (HQ Inverness) | |
| Position name | NatureScot Data Manager | |
| data_supply@nature.scot | ||
| Dataset constraints | ||
| 20 Limitations on Public Access - Access constraints | otherRestrictions | |
| 20 Limitations on Public Access - Other constraints | This states any limitations on access to the data and uses free text. | Accessible via NatureScot |
| 21 Conditions for Access and Use - Use limitation | This states any constraints on use of the data. Multiple conditions can be recorded for different parts of the data resource. If no conditions apply, then `No condtions apply` is recorded. This uses free text. | Accessible via NatureScot under Open Government License (https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/) except where feature classes have used the IWW_PSPAS_PREY_SPECIES_POINT_DATASET, in which case these available under Open Government License (v3) or CC-BY-NC (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) depending on individual copyright owners. |
| Version info | ||
| Date of publication | The publication date of the resource or if previously unpublished the date that the resource was made publicly available via the MEDIN network. | 2021-12-31 |
| Date of last revision | The most recent date that the resource was revised. | 2021-10-20 |
| Date of creation | The date that the resource was created. | 2021-10-20 |
| Harvest date | The date which this record has been (re)harvested from the provider. | 2026-04-19 |
| Metadata date | The date when the content of this metadata record was last updated. | 2022-03-15 |
| Metadata standard name | The name of the metadata standard used to create this metadata | MEDIN Discovery metadata standard |
| Metadata standard version | The version of the MEDIN Discovery Metadata Standard used to create the metadata record | 2.3.8 |