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Metadata: 2013, ECON Ecological Consultancy, Scroby Sands, Little Tern Survey
Abstract:
The overall aim of this project was to assess the current use of Scroby Sands Offshore Wind Farm by the Little Tern (Sternula albifrons) and the associated risk of collision that this poses. The study was to inform the management of Great Yarmouth North Denes Special Protection Area (SPA) and its designated population of Little terns, with the increased incidence of nesting on the main bank of Scroby Sands first noted in 2010, rather than on the mainland beach at North Denes. Eight boat-based surveys over a route of 46 km incorporating 10.3 km within the wind farm, utilising snapshots for flying terns every 250m were performed approximately every two weeks from early May to mid August 2013. The mean density surface produced by kernel density estimation showed concentration of Little Terns around the former colony at North Denes in association with the higher fish densities, and also at the southern end of Scroby Sands. The latter reflected the use of the main bank as a breeding site. The first nesting attempt by about 33 pairs of Little Terns in mid-June was unsuccessful as a result of a high tide in late June. Re-nesting occurred with a peak of 70 nests by mid-July. Most nests appear to have failed although a few juveniles (perhaps up to 9) may have fledged over the course of the season. Otherwise. the main colony of the East Norfolk Little Tern population in 2013 was located at Winterton. The relatively small and fluctuating Little Tern population on Scroby Sands with no evidence of nesting at North Denes or Caister was reflected in the lack of use of the offshore wind farm, with no Little terns recorded in snapshots during the surveys, and only a single record outside of snapshots. As a result there was no predicted collision risk for Little Terns with the offshore wind farm in 2013. Although the actual risk cannot be truly quantified until sampling is conducted in a season when Little Terns nest at Scroby Sands in large numbers. Further sampling is therefore recommended.
Data holder:
The Crown Estate
| Other details | ||
| Internal code | Internally assigned metadata identifier | 19044 |
| Title | The title is used to provide a brief and precise description of the dataset such as 'Date', 'Originating organisation/programme', 'Location' and 'Type of survey'. All acronyms and abbreviations should be reproduced in full. | 2013, ECON Ecological Consultancy, Scroby Sands, Little Tern Survey |
| Alternative title | The purpose of alternative title is to record any additional names by which the dataset may be known. | Little Tern Survey |
| File Identifier | The File Identifier is a code, preferably a GUID, that is globally unique and remains with the same metadata record even if the record is edited or transferred between portals or tools. | 28425aed-b5fb-4c9e-bf62-2400a4b57d90 |
| Resource Identifier | This is the code assigned by the data owner. | TCE-1908 |
| Resource type | The resource type will likely be a dataset but could also be a series (collection of datasets with a common specification) or a service. | series |
| Start date | This describes the date the resource starts. This may only be the year if month and day are not known | 2013-05-02 |
| End date | This describes the date the resource ends. This may only be the year if month and day are not known | 2013-05-30 |
| Spatial resolution | This describes the spatial resolution of the dataset or the spatial limitations of the service. | 250 |
| Spatial resolution unit | This describes the unit of spatial resolution which for distance must be metres. | urn:ogc:def:uom:EPSG::9001 |
| Frequency of updates | This describes the frequency with which the resource is modified or updated i.e. a monitoring programme that samples once per year has a frequency that is described as 'annually'. | unknown |
| Abstract | The abstract provides a clear and brief statement of the content of the resource. | The overall aim of this project was to assess the current use of Scroby Sands Offshore Wind Farm by the Little Tern (Sternula albifrons) and the associated risk of collision that this poses. The study was to inform the management of Great Yarmouth North Denes Special Protection Area (SPA) and its designated population of Little terns, with the increased incidence of nesting on the main bank of Scroby Sands first noted in 2010, rather than on the mainland beach at North Denes. Eight boat-based surveys over a route of 46 km incorporating 10.3 km within the wind farm, utilising snapshots for flying terns every 250m were performed approximately every two weeks from early May to mid August 2013. The mean density surface produced by kernel density estimation showed concentration of Little Terns around the former colony at North Denes in association with the higher fish densities, and also at the southern end of Scroby Sands. The latter reflected the use of the main bank as a breeding site. The first nesting attempt by about 33 pairs of Little Terns in mid-June was unsuccessful as a result of a high tide in late June. Re-nesting occurred with a peak of 70 nests by mid-July. Most nests appear to have failed although a few juveniles (perhaps up to 9) may have fledged over the course of the season. Otherwise. the main colony of the East Norfolk Little Tern population in 2013 was located at Winterton. The relatively small and fluctuating Little Tern population on Scroby Sands with no evidence of nesting at North Denes or Caister was reflected in the lack of use of the offshore wind farm, with no Little terns recorded in snapshots during the surveys, and only a single record outside of snapshots. As a result there was no predicted collision risk for Little Terns with the offshore wind farm in 2013. Although the actual risk cannot be truly quantified until sampling is conducted in a season when Little Terns nest at Scroby Sands in large numbers. Further sampling is therefore recommended. |
| Lineage | Lineage includes the background information, history of the sources of data, data quality statements and methods. | The survey strategy combined specific data gathering to allow the density of Little Tern to be determined inside and outside the wind farm, with the methods used in the original monitoring programme (see Perrow et al. 2008). The same primary observer (Dr Martin Perrow) as used in the original studies was used for consistency. In the current surveys, Dr Andrew Harwood and/or Paul Lines, Charles Lines, Frank McCarthy and Tristan de Roquefort assisted with data recording and prey trawls. Density of Little Tern for input into collision risk modelling, was determined through the use of a standard line transect survey approach with snapshots conducted every 250 m along the survey route. A density surface model was also produced to help understand the distribution of terns across the study area. In addition, the historic method of conducting counts of all bird species, as well as Little Terns over short (1 km) transects at twelve sampling stations both within and outside the wind farm was adopted. Through comparison between counts and the snapshots within the count area it proved possible to provide a calibration between count and density data, which could be applied to historic information to further understand the changing risk of collision risk to Little terns. A tow net designed specifically to sample the prey resource available to Little Tern was deployed simultaneously with each count. Further information pertaining to bird behaviour, flight heights and interactions with the wind farm were also collected throughout the surveys. In particular, counts of nesting birds were undertaken wherever possible. The route designed for the 2013 surveys aimed to mirror that adopted in the historic surveys, essentially sampling the same count and prey trawl locations for comparative purposes. The incorporation of snapshots into the survey design required some modifications to the route and an initial survey design was developed. A key aspect of the design was to incorporate as much transect within the wind farm as possible in order to enhance the prospect of delivering density estimates for Little terns, that were likely to occur at low density and could readily be missed by low survey effort. A continuous transect route with a series of parallel survey lines at 400 m apart was developed within the wind farm, the area of which was set as including a buffer of 300 m from the turbine bases to give an area of 6.46 km2. |
| Related keywords | ||
| Keyword | General subject area(s) associated with the resource, uses multiple controlled vocabularies | Bird counts |
| General subject area(s) associated with the resource, uses multiple controlled vocabularies | Bird behaviour | |
| General subject area(s) associated with the resource, uses multiple controlled vocabularies | Bird reproduction | |
| General subject area(s) associated with the resource, uses multiple controlled vocabularies | Bird taxonomy-related abundance per unit area of surface | |
| General subject area(s) associated with the resource, uses multiple controlled vocabularies | Post-Construction monitoring | |
| General subject area(s) associated with the resource, uses multiple controlled vocabularies | Renewable Energy Lease area | |
| General subject area(s) associated with the resource, uses multiple controlled vocabularies | Population distribution - demography | |
| General subject area(s) associated with the resource, uses multiple controlled vocabularies | Protected sites | |
| General subject area(s) associated with the resource, uses multiple controlled vocabularies | Elevation | |
| General subject area(s) associated with the resource, uses multiple controlled vocabularies | Species distribution | |
| Geographical coverage | ||
| North | The northern-most limit of the data resource in decimal degrees | 52.6764 |
| East | The eastern-most limit of the data resource in decimal degrees | 1.7758 |
| South | The southern-most limit of the data resource in decimal degrees | 52.6758 |
| West | The western-most limit of the data resource in decimal degrees | 1.7749 |
| Responsible organisations | ||
| Role | The point of contact is person or organisation with responsibility for the creation and maintenance of the metadata for the resource. | pointOfContact |
| Organisation name | E.ON Climate & Renewables UK | |
| Individual name | Matilda Urie | |
| matilda.urie@eon.com | ||
| Role | The custodian is the person or organisation that accepts responsibility for the resource and ensures appropriate care and maintenance. If a dataset has been lodged with a Data Archive Centre for maintenance then this organisation is be entered here. | custodian |
| Organisation name | The Crown Estate | |
| Phone | +44 020 7851 5000 | |
| enquiries@thecrownestate.co.uk | ||
| Role | The originator is the person or organisation who created, collected or produced the resource. | originator |
| Organisation name | E.ON Climate & Renewables UK | |
| Individual name | Matilda Urie | |
| matilda.urie@eon.com | ||
| Role | The distributor is the person or organisation that distributes the resource. | distributor |
| Organisation name | The Crown Estate | |
| Phone | +44 020 7851 5000 | |
| enquiries@thecrownestate.co.uk | ||
| Role | The owner is the person or organisation that owns the resource. | owner |
| Organisation name | Natural England | |
| enquiries@naturalengland.org.uk | ||
| Resource locators | ||
| Locator URL | Web address (URL) that links to the resource | https://www.marinedataexchange.co.uk/details/TCE-1908/summary |
| Web address (URL) that links to the resource | https://www.marinedataexchange.co.uk | |
| Dataset constraints | ||
| 20.1 Limitations on Public Access - Access constraints | This states `otherRestrictions` from ISO vocabulary RestrictionCode and is an INSPIRE/GEMINI requirement. | otherRestrictions |
| 20.2 Limitations on Public Access - Other constraints | There will be no limitations when published on the Marine Data Exchange | |
| 21.1 Conditions for Access and Use - Use constraints | This states `otherRestrictions` from ISO vocabulary RestrictionCode and is an INSPIRE/GEMINI requirement. | otherRestrictions |
| 21.2 Conditions for Access and Use - Other constraints | This states any constraints on use of the data. Multiple conditions can be recorded for different parts of the data resource. If no conditions apply, then `No condtions apply` is recorded. This uses free text. | Data Must be used in accordance to the Marine Data Exchange's Terms of Use: https://www.marinedataexchange.co.uk/content/info/terms-of-use |
| Version info | ||
| Date of publication | The publication date of the resource or if previously unpublished the date that the resource was made publicly available via the MEDIN network. | 2021-05-17 |
| Harvest date | The date which this record has been (re)harvested from the provider. | 2026-04-12 |
| Metadata date | The date when the content of this metadata record was last updated. | 2026-03-27 |
| Metadata standard name | The name of the metadata standard used to create this metadata | MEDIN |
| Metadata standard version | The version of the MEDIN Discovery Metadata Standard used to create the metadata record | 3.1.2 |