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<oai_dc:dc xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd">
  <dc:title xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">2008, Subacoustech, Ormonde, Subsea Noise Impact Modelling</dc:title>
  <dc:type xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">series</dc:type>
  <dc:identifier xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">https://portal.medin.org.uk/portal/start.php?tpc=015_a7ac40ba-7d9e-441e-9e3c-5a9b3a70944a</dc:identifier>
  <dc:description xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">The report uses previous measurements and some scaling of data to predict the underwater noise levels during operations to construct the offshore wind farm. The study then uses this data to determine impact zones for marine species in the Barrow coastal region.

Results consistently show that impact piling generates underwater noise levels exceeding both injury and behavioural disturbance thresholds for marine species reaching up to 2 km for injury and 27 km for behavioural impacts with monopile designs posing larger risks compared to jacket structures. Mitigation measures such as vibropiling, noise-reducing sleeves, bubble curtains, acoustic deterrents, and soft start procedures were recommended, alongside early-stage and ongoing monitoring to verify predictions and ensure compliance with regulatory best practice. The studies conclude that careful choice of piling technique, consideration of species sensitivity, and implementation of validated mitigation strategies are essential to minimizing ecological impacts during offshore wind farm construction.</dc:description>
  <dc:date xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">20210517T14:01:11 20080630T00:00:00</dc:date>
</oai_dc:dc>