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<oai_dc:dc xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd">
  <dc:title xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">2006, COWRIE, Effects of offshore wind farm noise on marine mammals and fish</dc:title>
  <dc:type xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">series</dc:type>
  <dc:identifier xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">https://portal.medin.org.uk/portal/start.php?tpc=015_f99c7b2abb4253e69e5e886acfed7988</dc:identifier>
  <dc:description xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">This research study observes the effects of offshore wind farm noise on marine mammals and fish. The noise created during the installation of offshore wind farms has been discussed intensively with the public and the scientific community. Especially the noise created during pile-driving operations involves sound pressure levels that are high enough to impair the hearing system of marine mammals near the source
and disrupt their behaviour at considerable distance from the construction site. Measurements were taken during construction in the German Bight and near turbines in Sweden. Sound levels at various distances from the source were calculated and zones of noise influences were assessed based on published data. For harbour porpoises and harbour seals, the zone of audibility for pile-driving will most certainly extend well beyond 80 km, perhaps hundreds of kilometres from the source. Cod and herring will be able to perceive piling noise at large distances, perhaps up to 80 km from the sound source. Dab and salmon might detect pile-driving pulses also at considerable distances from the source</dc:description>
  <dc:date xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">20060706 20060101</dc:date>
</oai_dc:dc>