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    "identifier": "c695b912-6f3c-4cb8-b995-1042c621131f",
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    "name": "2006, Environmentally Sustainable Systems Ltd., Kentish Flats Offshore Wind Farm, Fourth Ornithological Monitoring Report",
    "description": "This Fourth Ornithological Monitoring report which covers Year 5 of an ongoing monitoring\r\nprogramme, presents and analyses the results of the 16 boat surveys from 7th December 2005 to 1st\r\nDecember 2006 for the Kentish Flats Wind Farm, and aerial data collected over four surveys from\r\nDecember 2005 to February 2006 in the area surrounding the wind farm. The purpose of this report is\r\nto meet the FEPA license monitoring requirements determined by DEFRA (following advice from\r\nEnglish Nature, now Natural England) as a planning consent condition for the construction of the\r\nKentish Flats project.\r\n\r\nPopulation estimates with means and standard errors for the wind farm site and buffer zone and for the\r\ncontrol site have been calculated using the data collected during each of the 90 boat surveys since\r\nOctober 2001. Standard errors have been updated and improved by the larger (5-year) dataset.\r\nRelative abundance indices have been calculated with standard errors for all WWT aerial surveys\r\ncovering Kentish Flats.\r\n\r\nThe statistical comparisons of the boat and aerial survey data have not revealed any statistically\r\nsignificant changes in the abundances of bird populations (FEPA Objective 1) between the\r\npreconstruction, construction and operational periods. In particular the aerial data analyses provided no\r\nevidence of displacement of birds from the region that includes the Kentish Flats wind farm. As in\r\nprevious years the boat analyses are somewhat restricted by the lack of comparable data from the\r\ncontrol area, especially during the peak diver period, and the lack of consistency in the dates on which\r\nsurveys were completed, together with the natural and in some cases extensive seasonal and interannual\r\nvariation in the numbers and distributions of bird populations. Patterns of use and passage in\r\nand around the Kentish Flats wind farm, revealed by the mapped distributions of birds seen, do show\r\nsome changes between years but in most cases it is not possible to attribute these changes to the\r\nconstruction or operation of the wind farm. In particular it is apparent that divers have not been seen\r\nwithin the wind farm site during the current reporting period and this may indicate some displacement\r\nof divers from the Kentish Flats wind turbine array. While no divers were seen within the operational\r\nwind farm a number were seen in flight or on the water very close to the outside edge of the wind farm,\r\n(some sitting less than 100m from a turbine). Even though no changes in bird abundance were\r\nstatistically significant, the density estimates and mapped distributions suggest that the numbers of redthroated\r\ndivers were lower during the operational phase than during pre-construction.\r\n\r\nCormorant numbers were lower between December and April since the wind farm became operational,\r\nbut not at other times of year. Lesser black-backed gull numbers in February were lower in the\r\nconstruction and operational phases. There were suggestions of differences in other months for this\r\nspecies and possible reductions for greater black-backed and herring gulls, but no consistent patterns\r\nwere detected. Gannet and common tern numbers show no evidence of changes. As in the previous\r\nreporting period there was a suggestion from the surveyors reports that fewer common tern flights\r\npassed through the wind farm site (although no statistical difference in populations is apparent). The\r\nnumbers of guillemot appear to be lower since the wind farm became operational.",
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        "Data is freely available for research or commercial use providing that the originators are acknowledged in any publications produced. also refer to the T&Cs on the MDE website: http://www.marinedataexchange.co.uk/pages/terms-of-use.aspx",
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    "temporalCoverage": "2005-12-07/2006-12-01",
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        "description": "The MEDIN portal contains information about 19493 marine datasets from over 600 UK organisations. Metadata are an enduring resource and contact details are publicly available for a long time. \r\n\t\tPlease contact us (enquiries@medin.org.uk) if you find your contact details on the MEDIN portal and do not consent to this. \r\n\t\tYou can now use our GitHub repository to report issues or access related documents. Metadata records are updated daily and were last updated 2026-04-19. Record deletion takes place weekly and the latest occurred 2026-04-12."
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