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    "@id": "https://portal.medin.org.uk/?details&tpc=015_c76aa25a-d431-42c3-883b-0f25b4d09ef2",
    "identifier": "c76aa25a-d431-42c3-883b-0f25b4d09ef2",
    "url": "https://portal.medin.org.uk/?details&tpc=015_c76aa25a-d431-42c3-883b-0f25b4d09ef2",
    "name": "2009, Centrica Energy, Race Bank Offshore Wind Farm, Population Viability Analysis of the North Norfolk Sandwich tern (Sterna sandvicensis) Population",
    "description": "This series of studies, commissioned by Natural England and Centrica Energy and conducted between September 2008 and April 2009, aimed to assess the potential impacts of offshore wind farms at Docking Shoal, Race Bank, and Sheringham Shoal on the viability of the North Norfolk Sandwich tern population, which is of high conservation value. \r\n\r\nThe key findings indicate that while the tern population has historically been resilient, collision risks from wind farms\u2014especially if tern avoidance rates fall below 99% and multiple farms operate concurrently\u2014could cause significant and sustained population declines, with projected losses up to 52% over 25 years at 95% avoidance. The studies recommend sustained monitoring, adoption of individual-based modeling in future assessments, ongoing refinement of demographic parameters, management strategies to maintain high tern avoidance rates and reproductive success, and careful wind farm siting to preserve the long-term viability of the Sandwich tern population, with final mitigation measures to be guided by Natural England.",
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        "access: There will be no limitations when published on the Marine Data Exchange",
        "use: Data Must be used in accordance to the Marine Data Exchange's Terms of Use: https://www.marinedataexchange.co.uk/content/info/terms-of-use"
    ],
    "temporalCoverage": "2008-09-29/2009-04-29",
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            "termCode": "32",
            "name": "Species distribution"
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    ],
    "spatialCoverage": {
        "@type": "Place",
        "geo": {
            "@type": "GeoShape",
            "box": "53.23207 0.7381 53.3347 0.8394"
        },
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        "description": "The MEDIN portal contains information about 19701 marine datasets from over 600 UK organisations. Metadata are an enduring resource and contact details are publicly available for a long time. \r\n\t\tPlease contact us (enquiries@medin.org.uk) if you find your contact details on the MEDIN portal and do not consent to this. \r\n\t\tYou can now use our GitHub repository to report issues or access related documents. Metadata records are updated daily and were last updated 2026-08-19. Record deletion takes place weekly and the latest occurred 2026-08-16."
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