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Many studies quantify the impacts of non-lethal human disturbance on animal behaviour to which animals respond by deploying what are interpreted as anti-predator strategies. These strategies are recognised as diverting time and energy from behaviours that would have occurred in the absence of human influences. In this report, levels of disturbance to grey seals are measured and these take into account the variety of seal vigilance levels as the prelude to / trigger of gross disturbance. Gross disturbance here denotes the stampeding of a seal or seals into the sea, where they were assembled on land, or where seals 'crash dive' when already in the sea. The purposes of this data capture were to: - Record the haul-out patterns of grey seals at Henllwyn Bay on Ynys Enlli/Bardsey when subject to no disturbance caused by people, in order to show examples of normal behaviour. To record examples of disturbance caused by human activity on land, in the sea and in boats, at Henllwyn for comparison with 'normal' / undisturbed behaviour. - Describe variables in seal behaviour observed over several tide cycles. - Outline some aspects of survey design to best measure disturbance. - Outline some site-specific management measures designed to reduce the frequency of disturbance events while also respecting the desires of people to have good views of and insights into the behaviour of grey seals at haul-out sites. - Provide a short review of papers and reports on seal disturbance at haul-out sites on the shores of the northeast Atlantic. This will examine management measures that have been or are about to be deployed elsewhere and the ways that such measures are being, or will be, monitored.
Natural Resources Wales (NRW)
There are no access restrictions to this data. NRW may release, publish or disseminate it freely.
| Other details | ||
| Internal code | Internally assigned metadata identifier | 1774 |
| Title | The title is used to provide a brief and precise description of the dataset such as 'Date', 'Originating organisation/programme', 'Location' and 'Type of survey'. All acronyms and abbreviations should be reproduced in full. | Field observations on the disturbance of grey seals in North Wales |
| Alternative title | The purpose of alternative title is to record any additional names by which the dataset may be known. | Arsylwadau maes ar aflonyddu ar forloi llwyd yng Ngogledd Cymru |
| File Identifier | The File Identifier is a code, preferably a GUID, that is globally unique and remains with the same metadata record even if the record is edited or transferred between portals or tools. | 4f4c4942-4343-5764-6473-313130303139 |
| Resource Identifier | This is the code assigned by the data owner. | 110019 |
| Resource type | The resource type will likely be a dataset but could also be a series (collection of datasets with a common specification) or a service. | dataset |
| Start date | This describes the date the resource starts. This may only be the year if month and day are not known | 2003-07-27 |
| End date | This describes the date the resource ends. This may only be the year if month and day are not known | 2003-08-04 |
| Spatial resolution | This describes the spatial resolution of the dataset or the spatial limitations of the service. | inapplicable |
| Frequency of updates | This describes the frequency with which the resource is modified or updated i.e. a monitoring programme that samples once per year has a frequency that is described as 'annually'. | notPlanned |
| Abstract | The abstract provides a clear and brief statement of the content of the resource. | Many studies quantify the impacts of non-lethal human disturbance on animal behaviour to which animals respond by deploying what are interpreted as anti-predator strategies. These strategies are recognised as diverting time and energy from behaviours that would have occurred in the absence of human influences. In this report, levels of disturbance to grey seals are measured and these take into account the variety of seal vigilance levels as the prelude to / trigger of gross disturbance. Gross disturbance here denotes the stampeding of a seal or seals into the sea, where they were assembled on land, or where seals 'crash dive' when already in the sea. The purposes of this data capture were to: - Record the haul-out patterns of grey seals at Henllwyn Bay on Ynys Enlli/Bardsey when subject to no disturbance caused by people, in order to show examples of normal behaviour. To record examples of disturbance caused by human activity on land, in the sea and in boats, at Henllwyn for comparison with 'normal' / undisturbed behaviour. - Describe variables in seal behaviour observed over several tide cycles. - Outline some aspects of survey design to best measure disturbance. - Outline some site-specific management measures designed to reduce the frequency of disturbance events while also respecting the desires of people to have good views of and insights into the behaviour of grey seals at haul-out sites. - Provide a short review of papers and reports on seal disturbance at haul-out sites on the shores of the northeast Atlantic. This will examine management measures that have been or are about to be deployed elsewhere and the ways that such measures are being, or will be, monitored. |
| Lineage | Lineage includes the background information, history of the sources of data, data quality statements and methods. | The natural pattern of grey seal emergence from and return to the sea at Henllwyn, Ynys Enlli/Bardsey was recorded at intervals of 15 minutes through the tide cycle, in order to understand 'natural' behaviour. Incidental notes were made describing seal behaviour and its apparent relationship to disturbance and relaxation. A count of seals in the sea adjacent to the haul-out sites was made at the same time. Simultaneously, instances of human activity at or near the site were recorded at the same interval. The time of arrival and the duration of time stayed at moorings in the bay by boats were recorded. Records were made of wind direction, wind speed and sea state, in order to discover to what extent they might influence site choice around the bay. At Henllwyn events from which gross disturbance resulted were recorded at the time they happened. Some of these events were filmed using a camcorder. |
| Related keywords | ||
| Keyword | General subject area(s) associated with the resource, uses multiple controlled vocabularies | Species distribution |
| General subject area(s) associated with the resource, uses multiple controlled vocabularies | Seal behaviour | |
| General subject area(s) associated with the resource, uses multiple controlled vocabularies | Marine Environmental Data and Information Network | |
| Geographical coverage | ||
| North | The northern-most limit of the data resource in decimal degrees | 52.823893 |
| East | The eastern-most limit of the data resource in decimal degrees | -4.682854 |
| South | The southern-most limit of the data resource in decimal degrees | 52.696261 |
| West | The western-most limit of the data resource in decimal degrees | -4.893713 |
| Responsible organisations | ||
| Role | The point of contact is person or organisation with responsibility for the creation and maintenance of the metadata for the resource. | pointOfContact |
| Organisation name | Natural Resources Wales (NRW) | |
| Phone | 0300 065 3000 | |
| Delivery point | Maes-y-Ffynnon | |
| Postal code | LL57 2DW | |
| Role | The distributor is the person or organisation that distributes the resource. | distributor |
| Organisation name | Natural Resources Wales (NRW) | |
| Phone | 0300 065 3000 | |
| Delivery point | Maes-y-Ffynnon | |
| Postal code | LL57 2DW | |
| Role | The custodian is the person or organisation that accepts responsibility for the resource and ensures appropriate care and maintenance. If a dataset has been lodged with a Data Archive Centre for maintenance then this organisation is be entered here. | custodian |
| Organisation name | Natural Resources Wales (NRW) | |
| Phone | 0300 065 3000 | |
| Delivery point | Maes-y-Ffynnon | |
| Postal code | LL57 2DW | |
| Role | The originator is the person or organisation who created, collected or produced the resource. | originator |
| Organisation name | Westcott | |
| Delivery point | Nancherrow Cottage | |
| Postal code | TR19 7PW | |
| Dataset constraints | ||
| 21 Conditions for Access and Use - Use limitation | Any restrictions imposed on accessing the resource such as the need to agree to certain licence conditions. | © CNC/NRW Data may be re-used under the terms of the Open Government Licence providing it is done so, acknowledging both the source and NRW's copyright. It is the recipient's responsibility to ensure the data is fit for the intended purpose. |
| 20 Limitations on Public Access - Access constraints | ISO restriction code chosen from ISO 19115-1 Codelist | otherRestrictions |
| Use constraints | Any restriction on the use of the resource such as the need to agree to certain licence conditions. | There are no access restrictions to this data. NRW may release, publish or disseminate it freely. |
| Available data formats | ||
| Data format name | Format in which digital data can be provided for transfer | Report with footage from Mini DV Video Cassette |
| Version info | ||
| Date of publication | The publication date of the resource or if previously unpublished the date that the resource was made publicly available via the MEDIN network. | 2005-05-31 |
| Date of last revision | The most recent date that the resource was revised. | 2005-05-31 |
| Metadata date | The date when the content of this metadata record was last updated. | 2017-11-17 |
| Metadata standard name | The name of the metadata standard used to create this metadata | MEDIN Discovery Metadata Standard |
| Metadata standard version | The version of the MEDIN Discovery Metadata Standard used to create the metadata record | Version 2.3.8 |
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