3fc3609677db5ac18a0fc34d2acde422 English dataset Polly Hadžiabdić British Oceanographic Data Centre Head of the BODC Requests Team Joseph Proudman Building 6 Brownlow Street Liverpool Merseyside L3 5DA United Kingdom enquiries@bodc.ac.uk https://www.bodc.ac.uk/ pointOfContact 2026-06-15T14:09:14 MEDIN 3.1.2 urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4326 OGP An infilled globally complete version of the Dynamically Consistent ENsemble of Temperature at the Earth surface dataset (DCENT): DCENT-I (1850-present) British Oceanographic Data Centre record 1048_DCENT-I_2025 2026-06-15 publication 2025-12-17 creation 2026-01-05 revision EDMED7486 http://www.bodc.ac.uk/ A globally complete, 200-member ensemble of monthly surface temperature (SST) and land surface air temperature (LSAT) anomalies at 5°x5° resolution, spanning the period from 1850 to present. It is derived from version 2.0 of the unfilled Dynamically Consistent ENsemble of Temperature at the Earth surface (DCENT) dataset and represents 2-metre air temperature over land and sea surface temperature across the marine domain. In addition to the ensemble realisations, summary statistics including the ensemble mean, standard deviation, and the 5th and 95th percentiles, are provided. All temperature values are expressed as anomalies relative to the 1982-2014 climatology, which is also supplied to enable reconstruction of monthly absolute temperatures. A diagnostics file is provided, which contains the land and sea weights and masks, as well as α which quantifies the local kriging variance as a proportion of the prior variance to indicate data reliability. The files contain SST and LSAT separately and combined in the tas variable. DCENT-I combines DCENT’s state‐of‐the‐art bias/homogenisation corrections with a spatially adaptive interpolation method to produce globally complete monthly temperature fields with estimates of uncertainty. The dataset was generated using GloMarGridding v1.0.0-rc.2 (https://github.com/NOCSurfaceProcesses/GloMarGridding) by scientists at the University of Southampton, National Oceanography Centre (NOC), Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution and Harvard University. NOC was supported by the NERC-funded National Capability Programme ‘Atlantic Climate and Environment Strategic Science’ (AtlantiS), grant reference NE/Y005589/1. Unknown National Oceanography Centre (Southampton) Unknown University of Southampton Waterfront Campus European Way Southampton Hampshire SO14 3ZH United Kingdom enquiries@noc.ac.uk http://noc.ac.uk owner Unknown National Oceanography Centre (Southampton) Unknown University of Southampton Waterfront Campus European Way Southampton Hampshire SO14 3ZH United Kingdom enquiries@noc.ac.uk http://noc.ac.uk originator Unknown University of Southampton School of Ocean and Earth Science Unknown +44 (0)23 8059 2011 National Oceanography Centre, European Way Southampton Hampshire SO14 3ZH United Kingdom soes@noc.soton.ac.uk http://www.soes.soton.ac.uk/ owner Unknown University of Southampton School of Ocean and Earth Science Unknown +44 (0)23 8059 2011 National Oceanography Centre, European Way Southampton Hampshire SO14 3ZH United Kingdom soes@noc.soton.ac.uk http://www.soes.soton.ac.uk/ originator Unknown Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution: Department of Physical Oceanography Unknown 1 (508) 289-2252 266 Woods Hole Road Woods Hole Massachusetts MA 02543 United States information@whoi.edu https://www.whoi.edu/ owner Unknown Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution: Department of Physical Oceanography Unknown 1 (508) 289-2252 266 Woods Hole Road Woods Hole Massachusetts MA 02543 United States information@whoi.edu https://www.whoi.edu/ originator Unknown Harvard University Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences Unknown +1 617 495 2351 Hoffman Laboratories Cambridge Massachusetts 02138 United States kelley@eps.harvard.edu http://eps.harvard.edu/home owner Unknown Harvard University Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences Unknown +1 617 495 2351 Hoffman Laboratories Cambridge Massachusetts 02138 United States kelley@eps.harvard.edu http://eps.harvard.edu/home originator British Oceanographic Data Centre Director Joseph Proudman Building 6 Brownlow Street Liverpool Merseyside L3 5DA United Kingdom enquiries@bodc.ac.uk https://www.bodc.ac.uk/ custodian British Oceanographic Data Centre Director Joseph Proudman Building 6 Brownlow Street Liverpool Merseyside L3 5DA United Kingdom enquiries@bodc.ac.uk https://www.bodc.ac.uk/ distributor asNeeded data.gov.uk Marine Environmental Data and Information Network Natural Environment Research Council Designated Data Centres MEDIN metadata record availability 2012-01-11 revision Oceanographic geographical features GEMET - INSPIRE themes, version 1.0 2009-07-31 revision unknown SeaVoX Vertical Co-ordinate Coverages 2020-05-21 revision Skin temperature of the water column SeaDataNet Parameter Discovery Vocabulary 2026-04-23 revision otherRestrictions No limitations apply Data are freely available to all following agreement to the terms and conditions of a Data Licence otherRestrictions Usage restrictions are specified in the terms of the licence English oceans -180.00 180.00 -90.00 90.00 SeaVoX water bodies 2025-08-07 revision inapplicable 1850-01-01 2024-12-31 Network Common Data Form https://www.bodc.ac.uk/data/published_data_library/catalogue/10.5285/4600d26e-b3f1-9a8a-e063-7086abc0fa44/ Published dataset - doi:10.5285/4600d26e-b3f1-9a8a-e063-7086abc0fa44 Chan D., Chan S.C., Siddons J.T., Cable A., Faulkner A., Cornes R.C., Kent E.C., Gebbie G., Huybers P.J. (2025). An infilled globally complete version of the Dynamically Consistent ENsemble of Temperature at the Earth surface dataset (DCENT): DCENT-I (1850 - present) NERC EDS British Oceanographic Data Centre NOC doi: 10.5285/4600d26e-b3f1-9a8a-e063-7086abc0fa44 download dataset COMMISSION REGULATION (EU) No 1089/2010 of 23 November 2010 implementing Directive 2007/2/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council as regards interoperability of spatial data sets and services 2010-12-08 publication BODC protocols are based on the Open Archival Information System (OAIS) model enabling BODC to iterate towards compliance with the on-going evolution and development of community requirements including FAIR (Findable,Accessible,Interoperable,Reusable), TRUST (Transparency, Responsibility, User community, Sustainability, Technology) and CARE (Collective Benefit, Authority to Control, Responsibility, Ethics). Data managers quality assure submissions and assemble the metadata necessary for curation. Submissions (as received) are placed in a long-term accession and stored in triplicate across multiple sites. Appropriate data are transferred into a standard internal format with source variable names mapped to controlled vocabularies, documentation assembled, and metadata loaded into BODC databases. Access to these data is through direct request, the BODC website and through partner repositories such as SeaDataNet. Access control is attained by assigning a data policy to each set of data and this policy is used to administer access when data are requested. Discovery metadata is aligned with EU INSPIRE (through MEDIN) and SeaDataNet community standards. Data are converted to open community formats including Ocean Data View ASCII and SeaDataNet NetCDF, with data described using terms from the NERC vocabulary server. BODC submission agreements are documented on the BODC website and customer service is assured with a dedicated requests team that serve data following local regulations including General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) 2018 and Environmental Information Regulations (EIR) 2004. true This dataset contains an infilled globally complete version of the Dynamically Consistent ENsemble of Temperature at the Earth surface dataset (DCENT-I) consisting of monthly surface temperature (SST) and land surface air temperature (LSAT) anomalies at 5° x 5° resolution, spanning the period from 1850 to 2025. The outputs were generated under the AtlantiS (NE/Y005589/1) project. The data files are archived at CEDA in the format provided by the originator's and no QC was done by BODC. The data are available via a DOI.