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.. _`http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/`:
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                <gco:CharacterString>The Cefas Data Portal contains metadata records and data sets available to download and connect to in support of our commitment to open science. Data is available in the following formats: Binary download.</gco:CharacterString>
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                        <gco:Date>2013-12-10</gco:Date>
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                    <gmx:Anchor xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2010/1089">Commission Regulation (EU) No 1089/2010 of 23 November 2010 implementing Directive 2007/2/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council as regards interoperability of spatial data sets and services</gmx:Anchor>
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            <gco:CharacterString>In communication with a representative of the local sprat fishery, it was 
decided to conduct the survey at the start of the sprat fishing season, which 
runs between October and February. In all,12 perpendicular transects with 
inter‐transect distance of 10 nautical miles were designed in attempt to cover 
the ICES rectangles where most of the annual sprat catches in the past 
decade(Roel et al., 2011) have been made. Discussions with the skipper of the 
fishing vessel chartered for the work revealed, however, that during October, 
the distribution of sprat and its fishery was concentrated in Lyme Bay, the 
central portion of the selected area. Hence, five of the original transects 
were dropped (1–4 and 12), leaving five transects that covered the expected 
core distribution (6–10), along with one transect on either side (5 and 11). 
One of the local sprat fishing vessels was chartered for the survey: the 11.98 
m FV Mary Anne. Although the size of the fishing vessel restricted the range 
and vessel speed to some extent, it was imperative to the programme that the 
survey be conducted using a local fishing vessel experienced in fishing for 
the target species, i.e. sprat. Also, the aim of the project was to quantify 
the sprat population targeted by the inshore fishery, and we were confident 
that the vessel could cover the area of interest adequately. The survey took 
place between 14 and 20 October 2011. Acoustic surveying took place during 
daylight, because sprat is known to disperse into loose aggregations at night 
(Plirú et al., 2011), so could be more difficult to detect acoustically then. 
Where possible, the transects were to be completed from east to west because 
anecdotal information suggested that the sprat moved in from the west. 
Surveying the transects in the opposite direction, therefore, would have 
raised the possibility of sampling the same sprat on adjacent transects.

Fisheries Acoustic Data

Scientific quality acoustic data were collected using a portable EK60 Simrad 
echosounder operating at 120 kHz, connected to a Furuno GPS. Ping rate was set 
to 0.4 s–1 and pulse duration to 0.256 μs, to collect high‐resolution data. 
The transducer was attached to an over‐the‐side mount on the port side of the 
vessel. The mount consisted of a vertically orientated aluminium pole that, 
when deployed, protruded 2 m below the surface, so that the transducer 
remained clear of the bubbles formed by the hull during steaming. After 
initial trials, a 5‐inch fin was attached to the aft side of the pole to 
prevent vortices, caused by drag through the water, to cause the pole to 
vibrate during steaming. Prior to the survey (13 October), the echosounder was 
successfully calibrated outside Torquay harbour using a 23‐mm copper sphere 
following standard methods (Foote et al., 1987.</gco:CharacterString>
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