39aeb438-8cc1-42e8-8530-4cc419e2a223 English series series 2026-09-01T10:14:11 MEDIN 3.1.2 biota oceans Bird counts SeaDataNet Parameter Discovery Vocabulary 2026-06-19 revision Bird behaviour SeaDataNet Parameter Discovery Vocabulary 2026-06-19 revision Bird taxonomy-related abundance per unit area of surface SeaDataNet Parameter Discovery Vocabulary 2026-06-19 revision Cetacean abundance SeaDataNet Parameter Discovery Vocabulary 2026-06-19 revision Pre-Construction monitoring The Crown Estate Renewable Energy Development Phases 2012-05-15 revision Agreement for Lease Area The Crown Estate Renewable Energy Development Areas 2012-05-15 revision Species distribution GEMET - INSPIRE themes, version 1.0 2009-07-31 revision 1 SeaDataNet sea areas 2012-11-07 revision English Channel SeaVoX Vertical Co-ordinate Coverages 2020-05-21 revision atmosphere 2010-11-23T00:00:00 2011-02-16T00:00:00 0.9161 1.761 51.3877 52.0291 TCE-3610 Marine Data Exchange 2010-2011, APEM Ltd., London Array, Aerial Ornithology Winter Survey Aerial Ornithology Survey 2011-10-07T00:00:00 creation 2024-11-04T16:39:44 publication 2011-10-07T00:00:00 revision English This report summarises the findings of the winter 2010/11 pre-construction aerial surveys of the proposed London Array Ltd. offshore wind farm site, and associated control zones, for birds and marine mammals. The aerial surveys are designed to meet the requirements of the Food and Environment Protection Act (FEPA) 1985 licence granted in respect of the wind farm, and to satisfy the wider Ornithological Review Panel (ORP) process. Pre-construction monitoring for Phase I development in order to satisfy FEPA licence conditions constitutes aerial survey of the London Array Offshore Wind Farm (OWF) site, plus survey of a control zone. Surveys designed to fulfil the ORP process cover further control zones. The aim of this project was to provide information about the response of and risks to bird species (predominantly but not exclusively red-throated diver Gavia stellata), arising from the construction and operation of the wind farm. The defined objectives of the project were to: 1. Provide pre-construction baseline surveys of the London Array Offshore Wind Farm (OWF) site before wind farm construction commences; 2. Provide pre-construction baseline surveys of control zones for the OWF site; 3. Describe temporal and spatial variation in bird numbers across the OWF and control sites; 4. Produce population estimates, with a given level of precision, for birds across the OWF and control sites; 5. Produce updated estimates of red-throated diver abundance and distribution within the OWF and control sites, with respect to the Special Protection Area (SPA) in the Outer Thames Estuary; 6. Report on flight heights and direction of birds recorded in flight within the OWF site. There will be no limitations when published on the Marine Data Exchange otherRestrictions Data Must be used in accordance to the Marine Data Exchange's Terms of Use: https://www.marinedataexchange.co.uk/content/info/terms-of-use otherRestrictions The Crown Estate +44 020 7851 5000 enquiries@thecrownestate.co.uk custodian APEM Ltd. enquiries@apemltd.co.uk originator The Crown Estate +44 020 7851 5000 enquiries@thecrownestate.co.uk distributor RWE support@rwe.com owner continual Delimited Geographic Information System https://www.marinedataexchange.co.uk/details/TCE-3610/summary A link to the web service or dataset. https://www.marinedataexchange.co.uk A link to the general host site. Commission Regulation (EU) No 1089/2010 of 23 November 2010 implementing Directive 2007/2/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council as regards interoperability of spatial data sets and services 2010-12-08T00:00:00 publication Conformity with the Commission Regulation (EU) No 1089/2010 was either not relevant to this dataset or not a requirement of the Marine Data Exchange for the creation and submission of this dataset; therefore, conformity has not been assessed and cannot be declared False series Surveys were undertaken between November 2010 and February 2011 by APEM with one survey conducted each month, the aim being the completion of all surveys prior to the commencement of construction. The exact timing of each survey was dependent on conditions (e.g. weather). Survey data is compatible with survey data collected using the same methods from the 2009/10 non-breeding season. Surveys were designed to assess the potential impact of the proposed offshore wind farm on the abundance and distribution of birds and cetaceans. APEM have developed a grid survey methodology; a primary aim of which is to derive sufficient independent estimates of bird density (and distribution) to achieve a predefined level of confidence in population size. The coarseness (spacing) of the grid (an image is collected at each grid internode) is determined by the predicted number of samples required to achieve the predefined level of confidence. For detailed rationale, see APEM (2010). The Crown Estate Marine Data Advisor +44 020 7851 5000 mde@thecrownestate.co.uk pointOfContact EPSG Geodetic Parameter Registry 2022-12-12 revision WGS 84 / UTM zone 31N