c76aa25a-d431-42c3-883b-0f25b4d09ef2 English series series 2026-08-13T11:42:17 MEDIN 3.1.2 biota Bird counts SeaDataNet Parameter Discovery Vocabulary 2026-06-19 revision Bird behaviour SeaDataNet Parameter Discovery Vocabulary 2026-06-19 revision Consenting The Crown Estate Renewable Energy Development Phases 2012-05-15 revision Agreement for Lease Area The Crown Estate Renewable Energy Development Areas 2012-05-15 revision Species distribution GEMET - INSPIRE themes, version 1.0 2009-07-31 revision SeaDataNet sea areas 2012-11-07 revision North Sea SeaVoX Vertical Co-ordinate Coverages 2020-05-21 revision troposphere 2008-09-29T23:00:00 2009-04-29T23:00:00 0.7381 0.8394 53.23207 53.3347 TCE-1801 Marine Data Exchange 2009, Centrica Energy, Race Bank Offshore Wind Farm, Population Viability Analysis of the North Norfolk Sandwich tern (Sterna sandvicensis) Population Sandwich tern Population Analysis 2021-05-17T14:02:21 publication English This series of studies, commissioned by Natural England and Centrica Energy and conducted between September 2008 and April 2009, aimed to assess the potential impacts of offshore wind farms at Docking Shoal, Race Bank, and Sheringham Shoal on the viability of the North Norfolk Sandwich tern population, which is of high conservation value. The key findings indicate that while the tern population has historically been resilient, collision risks from wind farms—especially if tern avoidance rates fall below 99% and multiple farms operate concurrently—could cause significant and sustained population declines, with projected losses up to 52% over 25 years at 95% avoidance. The studies recommend sustained monitoring, adoption of individual-based modeling in future assessments, ongoing refinement of demographic parameters, management strategies to maintain high tern avoidance rates and reproductive success, and careful wind farm siting to preserve the long-term viability of the Sandwich tern population, with final mitigation measures to be guided by Natural England. There will be no limitations when published on the Marine Data Exchange otherRestrictions Data Must be used in accordance to the Marine Data Exchange's Terms of Use: https://www.marinedataexchange.co.uk/content/info/terms-of-use otherRestrictions The Crown Estate +44 020 7851 5000 enquiries@thecrownestate.co.uk custodian Centrica Energy +44 (0)1753 494 000 renewables@centrica.com originator The Crown Estate +44 020 7851 5000 enquiries@thecrownestate.co.uk distributor Orsted info@orsted.com owner notPlanned Delimited https://www.marinedataexchange.co.uk/details/TCE-1801/summary A link to the web service or dataset. https://www.marinedataexchange.co.uk A link to the general host site. Commission Regulation (EU) No 1089/2010 of 23 November 2010 implementing Directive 2007/2/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council as regards interoperability of spatial data sets and services 2010-12-08T00:00:00 publication Conformity with the Commission Regulation (EU) No 1089/2010 was either not relevant to this dataset or not a requirement of the Marine Data Exchange for the creation and submission of this dataset; therefore, conformity has not been assessed and cannot be declared False series Using methodologies that included analysis of historical breeding data, ring recovery records, literature review, boat-based and foraging surveys, and individual-based Population Viability Analysis (ViaPop) models, the studies examined a range of scenarios incorporating variable demographic parameters, collision risks, and catastrophic events, and modelled outcomes over a 25-year period. The Crown Estate +44 020 7851 5000 mde@thecrownestate.co.uk pointOfContact EPSG Geodetic Parameter Registry 2022-11-29 revision WGS 84