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Metadata: 2010-2011, APEM Ltd., London Array, Aerial Bird Surveys
Abstract:
This report summarises the findings of the winter 2010/11 pre-construction aerial surveys of the proposed London Array Ltd. offshore wind farm site, and associated control zones, for birds and marine mammals. The aerial surveys are designed to meet the requirements of the Food and Environment Protection Act (FEPA) 1985 licence granted in respect of the wind farm, and to satisfy the wider Ornithological Review Panel (ORP) process. Pre-construction monitoring for Phase I development in order to satisfy FEPA licence conditions constitutes aerial survey of the London Array Offshore Wind Farm (OWF) site, plus survey of a control zone. Surveys designed to fulfil the ORP process cover further control zones. The aim of this project was to provide information about the response of and risks to bird species (predominantly but not exclusively red-throated diver Gavia stellata), arising from the construction and operation of the wind farm. The red-throated diver is listed under Annex I of the EU Birds Directive (79/409/EEC) as being a rare or vulnerable species, meaning that EU member states are obligated to identify and designate key areas of habitat used by the species as Special Protection Areas (SPAs). Sites supporting 1% or more of the Great Britain population of an Annex I species are automatically considered for SPA designation (Stroud et al., 2001). The defined objectives of the project were to: 1. Provide pre-construction baseline surveys of the London Array Offshore Wind Farm (OWF) site before wind farm construction commences; 2. Provide pre-construction baseline surveys of control zones for the OWF site; 3. Describe temporal and spatial variation in bird numbers across the OWF and control sites; 4. Produce population estimates, with a given level of precision, for birds across the OWF and control sites; 5. Produce updated estimates of red-throated diver abundance and distribution within the OWF and control sites, with respect to the Special Protection Area (SPA) in the Outer Thames Estuary; 6. Report on flight heights and direction of birds recorded in flight within the OWF site.
Data holder:
The Crown Estate
Use constraints:
Publically Available
| Other details | ||
| Internal code | Internally assigned metadata identifier | 5346 |
| Title | The title is used to provide a brief and precise description of the dataset such as 'Date', 'Originating organisation/programme', 'Location' and 'Type of survey'. All acronyms and abbreviations should be reproduced in full. | 2010-2011, APEM Ltd., London Array, Aerial Bird Surveys |
| File Identifier | The File Identifier is a code, preferably a GUID, that is globally unique and remains with the same metadata record even if the record is edited or transferred between portals or tools. | c3e87ec731f82faa50718ba5cde96eec |
| Resource Identifier | This is the code assigned by the data owner. | MDE-77-3610 |
| Resource type | The resource type will likely be a dataset but could also be a series (collection of datasets with a common specification) or a service. | series |
| Start date | This describes the date the resource starts. This may only be the year if month and day are not known | 2010-11-23 |
| End date | This describes the date the resource ends. This may only be the year if month and day are not known | 2011-02-16 |
| Spatial resolution | This describes the spatial resolution of the dataset or the spatial limitations of the service. | 1 |
| Spatial resolution unit | This describes the unit of spatial resolution which for distance must be metres. | http://standards.iso.org/ittf/PubliclyAvailableStandards/ISO_19139_Schemas/resources/uom/gmxUom.xml#m |
| Frequency of updates | This describes the frequency with which the resource is modified or updated i.e. a monitoring programme that samples once per year has a frequency that is described as 'annually'. | continual |
| Abstract | The abstract provides a clear and brief statement of the content of the resource. | This report summarises the findings of the winter 2010/11 pre-construction aerial surveys of the proposed London Array Ltd. offshore wind farm site, and associated control zones, for birds and marine mammals. The aerial surveys are designed to meet the requirements of the Food and Environment Protection Act (FEPA) 1985 licence granted in respect of the wind farm, and to satisfy the wider Ornithological Review Panel (ORP) process. Pre-construction monitoring for Phase I development in order to satisfy FEPA licence conditions constitutes aerial survey of the London Array Offshore Wind Farm (OWF) site, plus survey of a control zone. Surveys designed to fulfil the ORP process cover further control zones. The aim of this project was to provide information about the response of and risks to bird species (predominantly but not exclusively red-throated diver Gavia stellata), arising from the construction and operation of the wind farm. The red-throated diver is listed under Annex I of the EU Birds Directive (79/409/EEC) as being a rare or vulnerable species, meaning that EU member states are obligated to identify and designate key areas of habitat used by the species as Special Protection Areas (SPAs). Sites supporting 1% or more of the Great Britain population of an Annex I species are automatically considered for SPA designation (Stroud et al., 2001). The defined objectives of the project were to: 1. Provide pre-construction baseline surveys of the London Array Offshore Wind Farm (OWF) site before wind farm construction commences; 2. Provide pre-construction baseline surveys of control zones for the OWF site; 3. Describe temporal and spatial variation in bird numbers across the OWF and control sites; 4. Produce population estimates, with a given level of precision, for birds across the OWF and control sites; 5. Produce updated estimates of red-throated diver abundance and distribution within the OWF and control sites, with respect to the Special Protection Area (SPA) in the Outer Thames Estuary; 6. Report on flight heights and direction of birds recorded in flight within the OWF site. |
| Lineage | Lineage includes the background information, history of the sources of data, data quality statements and methods. | Surveys were undertaken between November 2010 and February 2011 by APEM with one survey conducted each month, the aim being the completion of all surveys prior to the commencement of construction. The exact timing of each survey was dependent on conditions (e.g. weather). Survey data is compatible with survey data collected using the same methods from the 2009/10 non-breeding season. Surveys were designed to assess the potential impact of the proposed offshore wind farm on the abundance and distribution of birds and cetaceans. APEM have developed a grid survey methodology; a primary aim of which is to derive sufficient independent estimates of bird density (and distribution) to achieve a predefined level of confidence in population size. The coarseness (spacing) of the grid (an image is collected at each grid internode) is determined by the predicted number of samples required to achieve the predefined level of confidence. For detailed rationale, see APEM (2010). |
| Related keywords | ||
| Keyword | General subject area(s) associated with the resource, uses multiple controlled vocabularies | Marine Environmental Data and Information Network |
| General subject area(s) associated with the resource, uses multiple controlled vocabularies | Species distribution | |
| General subject area(s) associated with the resource, uses multiple controlled vocabularies | Bird taxonomy-related abundance per unit area of surface | |
| General subject area(s) associated with the resource, uses multiple controlled vocabularies | Bird counts | |
| General subject area(s) associated with the resource, uses multiple controlled vocabularies | Cetacean abundance | |
| General subject area(s) associated with the resource, uses multiple controlled vocabularies | Bird behaviour | |
| Geographical coverage | ||
| North | The northern-most limit of the data resource in decimal degrees | 52.0291 |
| East | The eastern-most limit of the data resource in decimal degrees | 1.761 |
| South | The southern-most limit of the data resource in decimal degrees | 51.3877 |
| West | The western-most limit of the data resource in decimal degrees | 0.9161 |
| Regional sea | North Sea | |
| atmosphere | ||
| Responsible organisations | ||
| Role | The point of contact is person or organisation with responsibility for the creation and maintenance of the metadata for the resource. | pointOfContact |
| Organisation name | The Crown Estate | |
| Position name | Marine Data Advisor | |
| Phone | +44 020 7851 5000 | |
| Delivery point | The Crown Estate 1 St James's Market | |
| Postal code | SW1Y4AH | |
| City | London | |
| mde@thecrownestate.co.uk | ||
| URL | https://www.marinedataexchange.co.uk/ | |
| Role | The originator is the person or organisation who created, collected or produced the resource. | originator |
| Organisation name | APEM Ltd. | |
| Delivery point | A17 Embankment, Business Park, Heaton Mersey | |
| Postal code | SK4 3GN | |
| City | Manchester | |
| enquiries@apemltd.co.uk | ||
| URL | https://www.apemltd.com/ | |
| Role | The custodian is the person or organisation that accepts responsibility for the resource and ensures appropriate care and maintenance. If a dataset has been lodged with a Data Archive Centre for maintenance then this organisation is be entered here. | custodian |
| Organisation name | The Crown Estate | |
| Phone | +44 020 7851 5000 | |
| Delivery point | The Crown Estate 1 St James's Market | |
| Postal code | SW1Y4AH | |
| City | London | |
| mde@thecrownestate.co.uk | ||
| URL | https://www.marinedataexchange.co.uk/ | |
| Role | The distributor is the person or organisation that distributes the resource. | distributor |
| Organisation name | The Crown Estate | |
| Delivery point | The Crown Estate 1 St James's Market | |
| Postal code | SW1Y 4AH | |
| City | London | |
| mde@thecrownestate.co.uk | ||
| URL | https://www.marinedataexchange.co.uk/ | |
| Resource locators | ||
| Locator URL | Web address (URL) that links to the resource | https://www.marinedataexchange.co.uk/details/3610/summary |
| Web address (URL) that links to the resource | https://www.marinedataexchange.co.uk | |
| Dataset constraints | ||
| 20 Limitations on Public Access - Access constraints | otherRestrictions | |
| 20 Limitations on Public Access - Other constraints | This states any limitations on access to the data and uses free text. | Publically Available |
| 21 Conditions for Access and Use - Use limitation | This states any constraints on use of the data. Multiple conditions can be recorded for different parts of the data resource. If no conditions apply, then `No condtions apply` is recorded. This uses free text. | https://www.marinedataexchange.co.uk/content/info/faq |
| Version info | ||
| Date of publication | The publication date of the resource or if previously unpublished the date that the resource was made publicly available via the MEDIN network. | 2011-10-07 |
| Date of last revision | The most recent date that the resource was revised. | 2011-10-07 |
| Date of creation | The date that the resource was created. | 2011-10-07 |
| Harvest date | The date which this record has been (re)harvested from the provider. | 2026-04-19 |
| Metadata date | The date when the content of this metadata record was last updated. | 2022-06-20 |
| Metadata standard name | The name of the metadata standard used to create this metadata | MEDIN Discovery metadata standard |
| Metadata standard version | The version of the MEDIN Discovery Metadata Standard used to create the metadata record | 2.3.8 |